Centrifuger har en høj-roterende cylinder, kaldet en skål, omkring sin akse, normalt drevet af en elektrisk motor. Efter at suspensionen (eller emulsionen) er tilsat tromlen, drives den hurtigt til at rotere med samme hastighed som tromlen, og komponenterne adskilles og udtømmes separat under påvirkning af centrifugalkraft. Generelt gælder det, at jo højere tromlehastigheden er, jo bedre er separationseffekten.
There are two types of centrifugal separators: centrifugal filtration and centrifugal sedimentation. ① Centrifugal filtration: The centrifugal pressure generated by the suspension under the centrifugal force field acts on the filter medium (filter screen or filter cloth), so that the liquid passes through the filter medium to become filtrate; while the solid particles are trapped on the surface of the filter medium to form filter residues, thereby Realize liquid-solid separation. There are holes on the circumferential wall of the filter drum, and the inner wall is lined with filter media. ②Centrifugal sedimentation: Liquid-solid (or liquid-liquid) separation is realized by utilizing the principle of rapid sedimentation and stratification of components with different densities of suspension (or emulsion) in the centrifugal force field. The peripheral wall of the sinking drum has no holes. After the suspension (or emulsion) is added to the drum, the solid particles (or liquid with higher density) settle to the drum wall to form a sediment (or heavy separation liquid). The liquid with lower density gathers toward the center of the drum, flows to the overflow port and discharges, and becomes the separation liquid (or light separation liquid). The drums are all intermittent slag discharge, which is suitable for the separation of suspensions or emulsions with small particle size and low concentration of solid particles; the rotary drum in Figure 3b uses spiral continuous slag discharge, which can separate suspensions with high solid particle concentration . In the drum with multi-layer conical discs, the liquid is divided into several thin layers by the discs, which shortens the distance of sedimentation separation, accelerates the separation, and improves the separation effect.
Når den faste og flydende blanding, der skal adskilles, kommer ind i den roterende højhastighedstromle fra fødeporten, under påvirkning af centrifugalkraft, filtreres blandingen gennem filtersigten, væskeseparationen udledes gennem afløbsrøret , og den faste separation efterlades i tromlen. Indeni, når den faste separation i tromlen når de krav, der er specificeret af udstyret, skal du stoppe fodring, rense den faste separation og udtømme vaskevæsken på samme tid. Efter at rengøringen opfylder kravene, kører centrifugalseparatoren ved lav hastighed, og den faste separatorudledningsanordning (skraberen) drives af AC-servomotoren for at aflade den faste separator for at fuldføre en arbejdsproces.
